聚氨酯-有机硅杂化耐烧蚀隔热涂料的制备及其性能研究

魏超; 王海波; 田永丰; 等

doi:10.12020/j.issn.0253-4312.2024-080

涂料工业 >

2024 , Vol. 54 >Issue 12: 42 - 48

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12020/j.issn.0253-4312.2024-080

工艺技术

聚氨酯-有机硅杂化耐烧蚀隔热涂料的制备及其性能研究

魏超 ,
王海波 ,
田永丰 ,
等

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1. 中昊北方涂料工业研究设计院有限公司，兰州730100；
2. 内蒙合成化工研究所，呼和浩特010070

魏超（1991—），男，工程师，主要从事飞机座舱透明件保护涂层材料、有机-无机杂化树脂的合成、高分子树脂合成、耐高温隔热涂料等的研究开发。

田永丰（1989—），男，高级工程师，主要从事示温涂料、耐高温涂料和特种功能树脂的研发工作。

网络出版日期: 2024-12-01

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Preparation and Performance Study of Polyurethane Organosilicon Hybrid Ablative and Thermal Insulation Coatings

WEI C ,
WANG H B ,
TIAN Y F ,
et al

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1. China Haohua North Paint & Coatings Industry Research and Design Institute Co.， Ltd.， Lanzhou 730100，China；

2. Inner Mongolia Institute of Synthetic Chemistry，Hohhot 010070，China

Online published: 2024-12-01

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摘要

为研制高速飞行器外壳体用轻量化耐烧蚀隔热涂料，以苯基三乙氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、硅溶胶、自制多支化聚氨酯预聚物为主要原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了聚氨酯-有机硅杂化树脂，并复配改性陶瓷微珠、云母粉、滑石粉和助剂制备耐烧蚀隔热涂料。测试了聚氨酯-有机硅杂化树脂的相对分子质量分布和羟值，用热重分析仪和扫描电镜表征了聚氨酯-有机硅杂化树脂的结构；研究了多支化聚氨酯预聚物用量、颜基比、改性陶瓷微珠用量、固化工艺对涂层性能的影响。结果表明：多支化聚氨酯预聚物占甲组分质量 30%时，聚氨酯-有机硅杂化树脂综合性能最优；颜基比为 0. 6、改性陶瓷微珠用量占颜填料质量 15%时，涂层的拉伸强度为 5. 0 MPa，断裂伸长率为 41%，密度为 0. 71 g/cm³，导热系数为 0. 15 W/（m·K），涂层具有良好的隔热性能及耐烧蚀性能，同时可室温和高温固化，具有广泛的适用性。

关键词： 聚氨酯-有机硅; 溶胶-凝胶法; 杂化; 颜基比; 耐高温烧蚀; 隔热

本文引用格式

魏超 , 王海波 , 田永丰 , 等 . 聚氨酯-有机硅杂化耐烧蚀隔热涂料的制备及其性能研究[J]. 涂料工业, 2024 , 54(12) : 42 -48 . DOI: 10.12020/j.issn.0253-4312.2024-080

Abstract

In order to develop lightweight ablative and thermal insulation coatings for theouter shell of high-speed aircraft，polyurethane organic silicon hybrid resin was prepared bythe sol-gel method using phenyltriethoxysilane，methyltriethoxysilane，silica sol and self-made polybranched polyurethane prepolymer as main raw materials，and the ablative and thermal insulation coatings was prepared by compounding modified ceramic beads，mica powder，talc powder and additives. The relative molecular weight distribution and hydroxyl value of polyurethane silicone hybrid resin were tested，and the structure of the polyurethane silicone hybrid resin was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy；the effects of dosage of multi branched polyurethane prepolymer，pigment/binder ratio，dosage of modified ceramic microbeads and curing process on the coating performancewere studied. The results showed that the comprehensive performance of polyurethane organicsilicon hybrid resin was optimal when multi branched polyurethane prepolymer accounted for30% of the mass of resin component alpha；when pigment/binder ratio was 0. 6 and the amountof modified ceramic microbeads accounts for 15% of color filler mass，the tensile strength of the coating was 5 MPa，the elongation at break was 41%，the density was 0. 71 g/cm³，the thermal conductivity was 0. 15 W/（m·K）， and the coating had good thermal insulation and ablative resistance；at the same time，the coating could meet the requirements of roomtemperature and high temperature curing with a wide range of applicability.

Key words： polyurethane-organic silicon; sol-gel method; hybridization; pigment/binder ratio; high temperature ablation resistance; thermal insulation

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