以硅酸钾溶液和苯丙乳液作为成膜剂，通过控制颜填料和膨胀防火助剂的添加量，以提高无机膨胀型防火涂料的理化性能和防火性能，且通过热重（ TG-DTG）、X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FT-IR）分析涂层的防火机理。结果表明：制备无机膨胀型防火涂料的最佳工艺参数是以 5%的滑石粉、 4%的钛白粉和 6%玻璃粉作为颜填料，膨胀防火助剂白云石、氢氧化铝和可膨胀石墨添加量分别为 5%、20%、2%。涂层防火性能测试后质量损失仅 36. 87%，且形成了新的陶瓷相。涂层在耐火 1h后，其背板最高温度为 286 ℃，灼烧后可膨胀 9. 2倍左右，极大地提升了硅酸钾无机膨胀型防火涂料的理化性能和防火性能。

Potassium silicate solution and styrene-acrylic emulsion were used as film-forming agents. The physicochemical and fireproof properties of the inorganic fire-retardantcoatings were improved by controlling the amount of pigment fillers and fire retardants. Andthe coating fire protection mechanism was analyzed by TG-DTG，XRD and FT-IR. The results showed that the optimal process parameters for the preparation of potassium silicate inorganicfire-retardant coatings were 5% talc powder，4% titanium dioxide and 6% glass powder as pigment fillers，5% dolomite，20% aluminum hydroxide and 2% expandable graphite as fireretardants. The results of TG-DTG，XRD and FT-IR showed that the mass loss of coating was 36. 87% before and after fire protection and a new ceramic phase was formed. After 1 h of fireresistance of the coating，the maximum temperature of the back plate was 286℃，and the coating could be expanded about 9. 2 times after burning. The physicochemical and fireproofproperties of potassium silicate inorganic fire-retardant coatings were greatly improved.