为满足高硬度和轻量化的需求，以异氰酸酯为硬段，多元醇和端羟基聚醚为软段，潜固化剂为扩链剂，并加入催化剂、水解促进剂和其他外加剂等制备了 IPDI型高硬度单组分聚脲。通过对固化时间、黏度、硬度、力学性能等进行测试，研究了原料组成和配方设计对单组分聚脲性能的影响；采用红外光谱表征了该涂层的微观结构和氢键形成情况，并通过水接触角和吸水率试验评估其防水性能。结果表明：随— NCO含量的增加，单组分聚脲的固化时间和力学性能均逐渐提高，特别是以聚酯多元醇为软段制备的涂层综合性能表现更为优异。此外，涂层力学性能随潜固化剂用量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势， N—H和 C=O吸收峰的偏移表明了涂层中有氢键形成。所制备的 IPDI型高硬度单组分聚脲能够满足目标应用需求。

In order to meet the demand of high hardness and light weight，a one-component polyurea was prepared by using isocyanate as the hard segment，polyol and terminal hydroxyl polyether as the soft segment，latent curing agent as the chain extender，and adding catalyst，hydrolysis promoter and other additives. The effects of raw material composition and formulation design on the performance of the one-component polyurea wereinvestigated by testing the curing time，viscosity hardness，tensile fracture properties and adhesion strength；the microstructure and hydrogen bond formation of the coating were characterized by infrared spectroscopy；and its waterproofing performance was also evaluatedby water contact angle and water absorption rate tests. The results showed that the curing timeand mechanical properties of the one-component polyurea gradually improved with the increase of —NCO content，especially the comprehensive performance of the coating preparedwith polyester polyol as the soft segment. In addition，the mechanical properties of the coating showed a tendency to increase and then decrease with the increase of the latent curing agent， and the shifts of the N—H and C=O absorption peaks indicated the formation of hydrogenbonds in the materials. The combination of all the properties identified the optimal formulationof IPDI-type high hardness one-component polyurea，which was capable of meeting the requirements of the target application.