核燃料棒作为核电堆芯的第二道放射性保护屏障，在安装过程中极易被固定格架划伤。而现有的核燃料棒防护涂层存在防护效果不佳、清洗不达标等难题。基于乳液聚合技术制备硬度和柔韧性均衡的丙烯酸乳胶，并制备水性耐刮擦涂料。结果显示：涂料粒径分布较窄；涂层在 200 ℃以下具有热稳定性，划痕形貌为韧性断裂，水接触角降低至 48. 66°；并且烘烤温度 90 ℃烘烤时间 30 min所得涂层耐刮擦性能和水洗性能达到最优。该涂层有望减少核燃料棒表面刮伤，助力我国核电事业安全发展。

Nuclear fuel rods，as the second radioprotective barrier of nuclear power core，are highly susceptible to be scratched by fixed frames during installation. The existing protective coating of nuclear fuel rods faced challenges such as poor protective effects and inadequate cleaning. Based on the emulsion polymerization technique，polyacrylate emulsion with balanced hardness and flexibility was synthesized and used to prepare waterborne scratch resistant coatings. The results showed that coatings particle size distribution was narrow；the coating showed thermal stability below 200 ℃. The scratch morphology was ductile fracture，and the water contact angle decreased to 48. 66°. Furthermore，the optimal scratch resistance and washability were obtained after being baked at 90 ℃ for 30 min. This coating was expected to reduce surface scratches on nuclear fuel rods，contributing to the safe development of China's nuclear power industry.