随着风电机组大型化及漂浮式海上风电的发展，风电叶片服役环境越来越复杂，叶片前缘的损伤及防护越来越被重视。文章以固 /液冲击过程的“水锤压力”为切入点简述了航空、航天以及风电行业对雨蚀损伤的研究，介绍了单射流法、火箭撬法、旋转臂法等常用的耐雨蚀测试方法，并提出了耐雨蚀评估方法的改进方向。列举了叶片常用的几类前缘防护材料性能特点，对比了不同制样环境下前缘漆材料的耐雨蚀性能差异。阐述了前缘防护材料的选型评估思路，提出了考虑项目地域降雨情况、叶片线速度等因素的前缘差异化防护思路。

With the development of large-scale wind turbines and floating offshore wind power，the service environment of wind power blades is becoming more and more complicated， and the damage and protection of blade leading edge are getting more and more attention. This paper briefly introduces the research on rain erosion damage in aviation，aerospace and wind power industries，taking“water hammer pressure”in solid/liquid impact process as the entry point. Commonly used rain erosion resistance test methods，such as single-jet method，rocket sled method and rotating arm method，are introduced. The improvement direction of rain erosion resistance test method is also proposed. The properties of several types of leading edge protective materials commonly used for blades are listed，and the difference in rain erosion resistance of leading edge coating materials under different sample preparation environments is compared. The selection and evaluation idea of leading edge protection materials is described，and the differentiated leading edge protection idea considering the rainfall situation in project area，blade linear speed and other factors is proposed.