介绍了智能涂层的定义、分类以及触发和响应机制，并以响应机制为出发点对智能涂层进行了分类和介绍。详细阐述了每种响应机制的响应机理及研究现状，并对未来智能涂层发展方向进行了展望。其中，中介响应智能涂层创新方向多、可研究性高，在 pH响应、电位响应、光/磁热响应、力学响应等方向取得了丰硕的研究成果。集传感器网络系统、信号采集、信息处理模块以及智能响应模块为一体的智能涂层体系将成为研究热点和重点，中介智能响应涂层部分研究成果已经具有数据传感、数据分析、信息储存、模型建立等功能，实现了一定程度的自主分析和自主响应，未来将在军事、智能隐身、智慧生活等各个领域得到广泛应用，并助力工业 4. 0的发展。

In this paper，the definition，classification，trigger and response mechanism of smart coating were introduced，and the smart coating was categorized and introduced based on the response mechanism. The response mechanism and research status of each response mechanism were elaborated，and the future development direction of smart coating was prospected. Among them，the intermediary response smart coating had more innovative directions and research value，and fruitful research results had been achieved in the smart coating based on pH response，potential response，optical/magnetothermal response，mechanical response. The smart coating system integrating sensor network system，signal acquisition，information processing module and intelligent response module had become the research hotspots and priorities. Some intermediary intelligent response coating had equipped with functions such as data sensing，data analysis，information storage and model building，which achieved a certain degree of independent analysis and independent response，and would be widely used in various fields such as military，intelligent stealth and intelligent life，promoting the development of industry 4. 0.