以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（ CTAB）、正硅酸乙酯（ TEOS）、 NaOH溶液、无水乙醇为原料，制得纳米 SiO₂。将环氧树脂（ EP）分别与 SiO₂、富勒烯（ C₆₀）通过超声法分散制备出 3种涂层（ SiO₂/EP、 C₆₀/EP、SiO₂/C₆₀/EP），并用 X射线衍射仪（ XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（ SEM）对所制纳米 SiO₂及涂层进行表征，通过差式扫描量热仪（ DSC）、氧指数测定仪等对涂层热稳定性及阻燃性能进行测试。结果表明： SiO₂/C₆₀/EP涂层的综合性能最佳，当 SiO₂、C₆₀、EP、聚酰胺固化剂 651的质量比为 25∶6∶300∶150时，涂层的综合性能最佳，其残炭率、氧指数、垂直燃烧等级、硬度分别为 21. 5%、32. 5%、V-0级、 6H。

Nano-silica（SiO₂）was prepared based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide（CTAB）， ethyl orthosilicate（TEOS）， NaOH solution，and absolute ethanol as raw materials. Three kinds of coatings（SiO₂/EP，C₆₀/EP，SiO₂/C₆₀/EP）were prepared by ultrasonic dispersing with EP，SiO₂ and C₆₀，and nano SiO₂，and the coatings were characterized by X-ray diffractometer（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The thermal stability andflame retardant performance of the coating were tested by differential scanning calorimeter（DSC）， oxygen index meter，and other instruments. The results showed that the comprehensive performance of SiO₂/C₆₀/EP coating was the best. When the compound ratio of SiO₂，C₆₀，EP，651 polyamide（curing agent）was 25∶6∶300∶150，the comprehensive performance of the coating was the best. Its carbon residue rate，oxygen index value，vertical combustion grade，and hardness were 21. 5%，32. 5%，V-0，and 6H，respectively.