水性 3C1B（三涂一烘）工艺是以湿碰湿的方式喷涂水性中涂、水性面漆和清漆，并一次性烘干的工艺，可以显著降低能源损耗，提高生产效率。涂层外观是评价涂料质量和涂装效果的重要指标之一，而湿碰湿工艺的这种特殊的施工方式对涂层的外观表现更为敏感。本文以水性白实色涂料为例，从中涂、面漆的材料配方及施工工艺等方面对水性 3C1B汽车涂料的外观改进进行了研究，并识别出了关键影响因素，结果表明：水性面漆对漆膜整体外观的影响大于中涂；配方的干湿及喷涂雾化后的干湿对漆膜流平、流挂等影响较大，进而会影响漆膜的外观表现。

The water-based 3C1B process refers to a process of spraying water-based primer，water-based basecoat，and clearcoat by wet-on-wet method and drying at one time，which can significantly reduce energy loss and improve production efficiency. The appearance of coatings is one of important indicators for evaluating the quality and performance of automotive coatings，and the special construction method of the wet-on-wet process is more sensitive to the appearance of the coatings. In this paper，water-based white solid coating is taken as an example to study the appearance improvement of 3C1B automotive coatings from the aspects of material formulation and construction technology of primer，basecoat，and identify the key influencing factors. The results show that the influence of water-based basecoat on the overall appearance of the film is greater than that of the primer，and the influence of the dry and wet of the formula and spray atomization on the film leveling and sagging is greater，which will further affect the appearance of the film.